Disk Expansion on Linux

Step-by-step explanation of how to configure a new disk added to a Linux system using LVM (Logical Volume Manager). Covers creating physical volume, adding to volume group, and expanding logical volume operations.

Very Important: This is a risky operation and is not recommended if the server does not have a backup.

Checking Disks

To list disks in the system:

lsblk

As seen in the image, the added disk appears as /dev/sdb. Example commands will proceed with /dev/sdb.

Creating Partition on New Disk

sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

Follow the steps below in the fdisk interface:

1. Add New Partition

   Press n key and create a new partition.

2. Select Type

   Press p key to create a primary partition.

3. Enter Partition Number

   Type 1 to specify the partition number.

4. Use Default Settings

   Press Enter key (twice) to accept all default settings.

5. Write and Exit

   Press w key to save changes.

Creating Physical Volume

sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb1

Listing Volume Groups

vgdisplay

Adding New Disk to Existing Volume Group

You can use the following command to add the /dev/sdb1 disk to the volume group in your system:

sudo vgextend <VG-NAME> /dev/sdb1

Listing Logical Volumes

lvdisplay

Expanding Logical Volume

To expand the logical volume named ubuntu-lv in the volume group named ubuntu-vg with 100% free space, you can run the following command:

sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv

Expanding File System

sudo resize2fs /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv